Practically trained (student) caregivers make up the majority of care staff in nursing homes (NHs). To keep up with the fast-changing healthcare environment and ensure a high quality of care, it is important to know how to stimulate continuous work-based learning (WBL) among this group. The purpose of the study was to systematically study the scientific literature published to date on (1) how practically trained caregivers learn in NHs and (2) what facilitates or impedes their learning. The research questions were: 1) How do practically trained caregivers obtain WBL in the NH context? 2) What are the facilitators and barriers of WBL for practically trained caregivers in the NH context?