A standard calculation methodology for human doubly labeled water studies

John R. Speakman, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Elena S.f. Berman, Philip N. Ainslie, Lene F. Andersen, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Issaad Baddou, Kweku Bedu-addo, Ellen E. Blaak, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Carlijn V.c. Bouten, Pascal Bovet, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G.j.a. Camps, Graeme L. Close, Jamie A. CooperSeth A. Creasy, Sai Krupa Das, Richard Cooper, Lara R. Dugas, Cara B. Ebbeling, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Catherine Hambly, Asmaa El Hamdouchi, Marije B. Hoos, Sumei Hu, Noorjehan Joonas, Annemiek M. Joosen, Peter Katzmarzyk, Kitty P. Kempen, Misaka Kimura, William E. Kraus, Robert F. Kushner, Estelle V. Lambert, William R. Leonard, Nader Lessan, David S. Ludwig, Corby K. Martin, Anine C. Medin, Erwin P. Meijer, James C. Morehen, James P. Morton, Marian L. Neuhouser, Theresa A. Nicklas, Robert M. Ojiambo, Kirsi H. Pietiläinen, Yannis P. Pitsiladis, Jacob Plange-rhule, Guy Plasqui, Ross L. Prentice, Roberto A. Rabinovich, Susan B. Racette, David A. Raichlen, Eric Ravussin, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Susan B. Roberts, Albertine J. Schuit, Anders M. Sjödin, Eric Stice, Samuel S. Urlacher, Giulio Valenti, Ludo M. Van Etten, Edgar A. Van Mil, Jonathan C.k. Wells, George Wilson, Brian M. Wood, Jack Yanovski, Tsukasa Yoshida, Xueying Zhang, Alexia J. Murphy-alford, Cornelia U. Loechl, Edward L. Melanson, Amy H. Luke, Herman Pontzer, Jennifer Rood, Dale A. Schoeller, Klaas R. Westerterp, William W. Wong

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Abstract

The doubly labeled water (DLW) method measures total energy expenditure (TEE) in free-living subjects. Several equations are used to convert isotopic data into TEE. Using the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) DLW database (5,756 measurements of adults and children), we show considerable variability is introduced by different equations. The estimated rCO2 is sensitive to the dilution space ratio (DSR) of the two isotopes. Based on performance in validation studies, we propose a new equation based on a new estimate of the mean DSR. The DSR is lower at low body masses (<10 kg). Using data for 1,021 babies and infants, we show that the DSR varies non-linearly with body mass between 0 and 10 kg. Using this relationship to predict DSR from weight provides an equation for rCO2 over this size range that agrees well with indirect calorimetry (average difference 0.64%; SD = 12.2%). We propose adoption of these equations in future studies.
Original languageEnglish
Article number100203
Number of pages13
JournalCell Reports Medicine
Volume2
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2021

Keywords

  • (H2O)-H-2-O-18 METHOD
  • BODY-WATER
  • CARBON-DIOXIDE PRODUCTION
  • CO2 PRODUCTION
  • DILUTION SPACE RATIO
  • ENERGY-EXPENDITURE
  • H-2
  • INDIRECT CALORIMETRY
  • O-18
  • VALIDATION

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