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Anti-money laundering in the crypto-market: Will the MiCA regulation effectively support the European AML/CFT objectives?

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleScientificpeer-review

Abstract

Money laundering through crypto-asset trading has been a growing concern, due to the anonymous and borderless nature of the crypto-market. Attempting to connect Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) laws with crypto-assets and related services in the European market, in May 2023, the EU Regulation on Markets in Crypto-assets (the MiCA Regulation) was enacted. It aims to regulate crypto-asset trading, support innovation and investor protection in the crypto-industry, while firmly establishing European AML/CFT laws in the crypto-market and its main stakeholders, the Crypto-Asset Service Providers (CASPs). Meanwhile, the 2024 reformed EU AML/CFT legislative package explicitly refers to the crypto-market. However, various fundamental issues may potentially limit its effectiveness, playing an adverse role in the AML/CFT landscape. The exclusion of specific services and crypto-asset elements from the MiCA Regulation scope, combined with the absence of adequate global AML/CFT collaboration mechanisms open the path for money laundering activities.
Original languageEnglish
JournalLaw and Financial Markets Review
DOIs
Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - Feb 2026

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

  1. SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities
    SDG 10 Reduced Inequalities
  2. SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals
    SDG 17 Partnerships for the Goals

Keywords

  • Money laundering
  • AML/CFT
  • crypto-assets
  • cryptocurrency
  • CASPs
  • MiCA Regulation
  • financial regulation
  • VASPs
  • EU

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