Abstract
We examine the effect of the sending-off of a player on the goal-scoring rates in FIFA World Cup matches in tournaments from 1998 to 2014. We use a hazard rate framework in which the effect of a red card is modeled as a shift in the goal-scoring rate. A red card may harm the team that receives a red card and may be beneficial for their opponent. Indeed, we find that the goal-scoring rate of the sanctioned team goes down, while the goal-scoring rate of the non-sanctioned team goes up.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 883–903 |
Journal | Empirical Economics |
Volume | 55 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Sept 2018 |
Keywords
- association football
- Goal-scoring
- Red card
- World Cup football matches