TY - JOUR
T1 - Emotion regulation in social interaction
T2 - Physiological and emotional responses associated with social inhibition
AU - Duijndam, S.
AU - Karreman, A.
AU - Denollet, J.
AU - Kupper, N.
N1 - Funding
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding
agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
PY - 2020
Y1 - 2020
N2 - Social inhibition may be associated with individual differences in emotion regulation. Mechanisms relating emotion regulation to social inhibition are largely unknown. We therefore examined how social inhibition is associated with emotional, sympathetic, and parasympathetic responses during sadness induction, and while employing emotion regulation strategies during social interaction after sadness induction. Undergraduate students (N = 216; 72% female) completed the Social Inhibition Questionnaire and participated in a sadness induction and emotion regulation (i.e., suppression and reappraisal) social interaction task, while emotional states, and sympathetic and parasympathetic reactivity were assessed. Repeated measures ANCOVAs showed that during sadness induction, social inhibition was unrelated to the emotional response, but social inhibition was associated with a blunted parasympathetic withdrawal response, due to an already withdrawn parasympathetic tone at rest. This may be suggestive of increased allostatic load with higher social inhibition, and may contribute to stress-related health risks. Both suppression and reappraisal tasks successfully diminished sadness, and this reduction was smaller with increasing levels of social inhibition. Physiological responses to emotion regulation efforts were independent of social inhibition. Elevated sadness in response to instructed emotion regulation in socially inhibited individuals may indicate more emotional distress during social interaction due to heightened threat sensitivity they experience.
AB - Social inhibition may be associated with individual differences in emotion regulation. Mechanisms relating emotion regulation to social inhibition are largely unknown. We therefore examined how social inhibition is associated with emotional, sympathetic, and parasympathetic responses during sadness induction, and while employing emotion regulation strategies during social interaction after sadness induction. Undergraduate students (N = 216; 72% female) completed the Social Inhibition Questionnaire and participated in a sadness induction and emotion regulation (i.e., suppression and reappraisal) social interaction task, while emotional states, and sympathetic and parasympathetic reactivity were assessed. Repeated measures ANCOVAs showed that during sadness induction, social inhibition was unrelated to the emotional response, but social inhibition was associated with a blunted parasympathetic withdrawal response, due to an already withdrawn parasympathetic tone at rest. This may be suggestive of increased allostatic load with higher social inhibition, and may contribute to stress-related health risks. Both suppression and reappraisal tasks successfully diminished sadness, and this reduction was smaller with increasing levels of social inhibition. Physiological responses to emotion regulation efforts were independent of social inhibition. Elevated sadness in response to instructed emotion regulation in socially inhibited individuals may indicate more emotional distress during social interaction due to heightened threat sensitivity they experience.
KW - ACUTE STRESS
KW - ANXIETY
KW - COGNITIVE REAPPRAISAL
KW - CORTISOL REACTIONS
KW - D PERSONALITY
KW - EXPRESSIVE SUPPRESSION
KW - Emotion induction
KW - Emotion regulation
KW - GENDER-DIFFERENCES
KW - INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES
KW - REACTIVITY
KW - Reappraisal
KW - SENSITIVITY
KW - Social inhibition
KW - Suppression
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85093644884&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.09.013
DO - 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.09.013
M3 - Article
VL - 158
SP - 62
EP - 72
JO - International Journal of Psychophysiology
JF - International Journal of Psychophysiology
SN - 0167-8760
ER -