Is a fair trial possible in the metaverse? A procedural justice and sociological perspective in conversation

The legal sphere is increasingly moving towards the metasphere, through the adoption of virtual reality technologies across legal procedures, processes, and education. This article examines how this shift affects the execution and experience of criminal justice. Drawing on procedural justice theory and sociological perspectives, it explores how metaverse-based justice reshapes human connection, communication, and the rituals that underpin the fairness and legitimacy of criminal proceedings. While virtual reality promises greater efficiency and accessibility in criminal trials, it challenges the traditional conception of the courtroom as a physical space where justice is enacted and experienced. Emphasising participation, dignity, and trust, the analysis highlights the importance of experiential dimensions in perceptions of fairness. Key sociological themes are explored, including how virtual environments shape interaction and entrainment. The article argues that the metaverse may transform the social practices that constitute a fair trial, with potential consequences for the core principles of criminal justice. Ultimately, it contributes to critical debates on legal digitalisation by questioning whether virtual technologies can reconcile efficiency with the essential human experience of justice.