TY - JOUR
T1 - On the exploratory road to unraveling factor loading non-invariance
T2 - A new multigroup rotation approach
AU - De Roover, Kim
AU - Vermunt, Jeroen K.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Multigroup exploratory factor analysis (EFA) has gained popularity to address measurement invariance for two reasons. Firstly, repeatedly respecifying confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models strongly capitalizes on chance and using EFA as a precursor works better. Secondly, the fixed zero loadings of CFA are often too restrictive. In multigroup EFA, factor loading invariance is rejected if the fit decreases significantly when fixing the loadings to be equal across groups. To locate the precise factor loading non-invariances by means of hypothesis testing, the factors' rotational freedom needs to be resolved per group. In the literature, a solution exists for identifying optimal rotations for one group or invariant loadings across groups. Building on this, we present multigroup factor rotation (MGFR) for identifying loading non-invariances. Specifically, MGFR rotates group-specific loadings both to simple structure and between-group agreement, while disentangling loading differences from differences in the structural model (i.e., factor (co)variances).
AB - Multigroup exploratory factor analysis (EFA) has gained popularity to address measurement invariance for two reasons. Firstly, repeatedly respecifying confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models strongly capitalizes on chance and using EFA as a precursor works better. Secondly, the fixed zero loadings of CFA are often too restrictive. In multigroup EFA, factor loading invariance is rejected if the fit decreases significantly when fixing the loadings to be equal across groups. To locate the precise factor loading non-invariances by means of hypothesis testing, the factors' rotational freedom needs to be resolved per group. In the literature, a solution exists for identifying optimal rotations for one group or invariant loadings across groups. Building on this, we present multigroup factor rotation (MGFR) for identifying loading non-invariances. Specifically, MGFR rotates group-specific loadings both to simple structure and between-group agreement, while disentangling loading differences from differences in the structural model (i.e., factor (co)variances).
KW - measurement invariance
KW - factor loading invariance
KW - multigroup exploratory factor analysis
KW - rotation identification
KW - COVARIANCE STRUCTURE-ANALYSIS
KW - CONFIRMATORY FACTOR-ANALYSIS
KW - GENERAL-METHOD
KW - SAMPLE-SIZE
KW - CRITERIA
KW - COMMUNALITY
KW - INVENTORY
KW - TARGET
KW - MODEL
KW - POWER
UR - https://app-eu.readspeaker.com/cgi-bin/rsent?customerid=10118&lang=en_us&readclass=rs_readArea&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1080%2F10705511.2019.1590778
U2 - 10.1080/10705511.2019.1590778
DO - 10.1080/10705511.2019.1590778
M3 - Article
SN - 1070-5511
VL - 26
SP - 905
EP - 923
JO - Structural Equation Modeling
JF - Structural Equation Modeling
IS - 6
ER -