Unravelling complexity: Challenges in shaping European Union sustainable food policies

This chapter delves into the European Union’s (EU) food policy within the broader context of EU environmental policy, highlighting the historical evolution, current dynamics and future vision for a sustainable food system. It underscores the EU's significant initiatives, such as the Farm to Fork and Biodiversity strategies under the Green Deal, which aim to align food safety, sustainability and environmental conservation. The analysis employs theoretical frameworks like policy networks, neo-institutionalism, policy learning and policy integration frameworks to dissect the complexities of EU food policy. Additionally, it addresses current governance challenges, emphasizing the need for improved coordination, equitable food access and sustainable practices. The chapter also explores future prospects, advocating for configurational comparative analysis to better understand the intricate factors influencing policy outcomes. This comprehensive exploration provides a nuanced understanding of the EU’s role in shaping sustainable global food systems amidst evolving environmental and socioeconomic landscapes.